Natural calamities in Bangladesh composition for students 2021

Natural calamities in Bangladesh composition

CLIMATE CHANGE AND BANGLADESH

or,

THE IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE IN BANGLADESH

Introduction: Climate change has become a major global concern nowadays. Especially the developing and underdeveloped countries of the world are being seriously affected by it. These countries contribute to climate change the least, but they suffer for it the most.

What is the climate change: Climate change is the changes in the earth’s weather including changes in temperature wind patterns and rainfall. But especially it refers to the increase in the temperature of the earth’s atmosphere that is caused by the increase of particular gases. These gases include mainly Carbon dioxide, Methane, Chloroflu or carbons (CFCs) and oxides of Nitrogen and Super.

How is climate change caused: The particular gases responsible for climate change are called greenhouse gases. Due to destruction and burning down of tropical rain forests, increasing use of fossil fuels, rapid growth of industry, use of CFCs in packaging. As a result, heat is being trapped increasingly in the atmosphere which causes climate change.

Bangladesh and Climate change: Bangladesh is under the serious threat of climate change. Already the country has had bitter experiences of climate change. The threats lying ahead for this change are described below briefly:

1) Threat of flood: According to Intergovernmental Panel  of climate change’ (IPCC), the sea-level of the Bay of Bengal will be increased about 100 CM by 2100 due to climate change. Such a rise in the sea-level will flood nearly 17% of our total land area.  This will destroy physical infrastructure of the flooded area and one-fifth of our total population will be homeless.

2) Frequency of natural calamities: As a result of climate change, Bangladesh is being affected with frequent natural calamities during the recent years. these calamities include floods, cyclones, tidal bores, excessive rainfall, riverbank erosion, drought etc. Bangladesh experiences an intense flood almost in every four years, Besides, there are floods with lesser magnitude almost in every. On the other hand cyclones like ‘Sidr’, Nargis, ‘Aila’ have become regular nightmare experiences for the people of coastal areas. These cyclones are often associated with tidal bores. Droughts of various magnitudes also affect 20-46 percent land of Bangladesh every year.

3) Decreasing food production: According to IPCC, the average temperature of Bangladesh will be increased up to 2 degree Celsius by 2050. As a result sea-level will rise which will increase salinity in inland rivers? Experts fear that this increased salinity along with shortage of water for irrigation will decrease the production of rice up to 10% and wheat upto 30%.

Ultimate result of climate change in Bangladesh: If the present rate of climate change continues, there will be no country in the world map called Bangladesh. The whole country will go under sea-water and there will be no sign of the present flora and fauna.

What to do face climate change: Climate change is such a problem in the world that it must be addressed unitedly by in all the countries of the world. But at our national level, we immediately should stop deforestation and start afforestation. At the same time, we should keep ourselves up to-date with the international community regarding our strategy to fight against climate change.

Conclusion: The world has been faced with the threat of extinction for the problems of climate change. If effective steps are not ensured to stop this change, the world will no more be inhabitable.  So, it is high time we all including international community took concerted steps against climate change.  

 

NATURAL CALAMITIES IN BANGLADESH

                                     ( বাংলাদেশের প্রাকৃতিক দুর্যোগ )

                                     or, DISASTERS IN BANGLADESH

Introduction: Natural calamity is natural event which has an adverse socio-economic impact on the whole environment. In recent years, they have become more frequent because of  the climatic  change over the world. That is why they are now called a global problem. Bangladesh is very prone to natural calamities.

Common forms of natural calamities in Bangladesh: Every some common natural calamities like floods, cyclones, tidal bores, excessive rainfall, earthquake, riverbank erosion, drought etc. visit Bangladesh. Among these, floods and cyclone are the two main natural calamities in Bangladesh.

Floods in Bangladesh: History of floods in this country is perhaps inseparable from the history of this land. In every century, the Bengal Delta witnessed the visit of about half a dozen floods, almost equal to magnitude and intensity of those in 1988 and 1998. Besides were floods with lesser magnitude almost in every year.

Cyclones in Bangladesh: Only from 1981 to 1985, 174 severe cyclones formed in the Bay of Bengal. This short statistics shows the frequency of cyclone in Bangladesh. The two most deadly cyclones of Bangladesh were Cyclone of 1970 and cyclone sidr of 2007. Cyclone of 1970 blew over the coastal areas with a wind velocity of about 222 km/hr. and caused death of about 500,000 people. The damage of property and crops was colssal. The wind velocity of cyclone Sidr was recorded 240km/hr with a tidal surge upto 20 less than that of cyclone ‘Nargis’ formed in the Bay of Bengal. It was named so in the annual meeting of Escape pannel on Tropical Cyclone in 2004. However, the Cyclone turned its way and blew over Myanmer on May 3, 2008. Thus, the coastal areas of Bangladesh freed from another nightmare experiance.

Droughts and Riverbank erosion in Bangladesh: During the last 50 years, Bangladesh suffered about 20 serious drought conditions. Besides, almost 20-46 percent land of Bangladesh is being affected by drought condition magnitude every year. Riverbank erosion is another natural hazard in Bangladesh. Some researchers have reported that riverbank erosion is talking place in about 94 upazilas of the country.

Causes behind natural calamities: Nature is too vindictive to forgive any thoughtless act. It takes its revenge through the blows of natural calamities. The firs and foremost reason behind natural calamities in Bangladesh is our thoughtless activities towards nature throughout the world. We are destroying forests, Ozone Layer and so on and thus leading us towards natural calamities. On the hand, geographical position, monsoon, melting of snow in the Himalayas and glaciers etc. are some vital reasons of natural calamities in Bangladesh.

Effects of natural calamities: Natural calamities in Bangladesh have been talking a huge toll of human lives, cattle and property every year. Due to the severe blows of natural calamities in Banglaesh, struggle of the people for making sustainable development about the severity and frequency of natural calamities in Bangladesh.

Steps taken by the Govt: The Ministry of Disaster Management has been working to deal with natural calamities in Bangladesh. At the same time, the govt. is also trying to ensure a developed warning system and sufficient precautionary measures.

Measures to be taken: Being a natural phenomenon, it is not possible to prevent natural calamities. We can take sufficient efforts to minimise the havoc of the natural calamities. For this, both long and short term plans should be taken. Long term plans should necessarily include large scale afforestation to ensure a better environment. In addition, warning systeam has to be improved and all concerned have to be well-equipped and well trained to ensure emergency service. Finally, we should raise awareness in people to protect our lives and properties from the tremndous attac of natural calamities.

Conclusion: During natural calamities, the lovely look of the Nature Queen turns furious. Natural calamities cause huge loss to our country. However, the effects of those may be mitigated wirh the combined efforts of both the Govt. and the mass people. Above all, we all must love nature and try our level best to keep her pollution free and healthy.